STERILIZATION

SterilizationI. Purpose of ExperimentA. Understanding the principles of sterilization2. Understand and perform sterilization methods.3. Knowing how the autoclave4. The process of sterilization equipment and materials used in microbiological testing5. Making sterile media for microbiological testingII. Basic theorySterilization is a process to kill any microorganisms that exist, so if grown in a medium is no longer micro-organism that can multiply. Sterilization should be able to kill most microorganisms are heat resistant bacterial spores (Fardiaz, 1992).Sterilisasai is an important first stage of the process of microbiological testing. Sterilization is a process of complete destruction of all microbial life-spores and spores. There are five common methods of sterilization are:• Steam sterilization (moist heat)• Dry heat sterilization• Sterilization by filtration• gas sterilization• Sterilization by radiationThe most common method used for sterilization of microbiological testing of equipment and materials is a method of steam sterilization (hot humid) and dry heat sterilization methods.A. Steam sterilizationPerformed by autoclave steam sterilization using steam under pressure for sterilizing. If there is moisture (water vapor) and the bacteria will terkoagulasi destroyed at temperatures lower than in the absence of moisture. Mechanism of destruction of bacteria by the hot water vapor is due to the occurrence of some protein denaturation and coagulation of the organism is essential.:The principle of the workings of the autoclaveAs was explained in part on the introduction of the tool section, the autoclave is a device for memsterilkan wide range of tools and materials that use a pressure of 15 psi (2 atm) and temperature of 1210C. To how the use of the autoclave had been delivered before. High temperature and pressure are given to the sterilized tools and media to give greater strength to kill cells compared with hot air. Usually used for media mesterilkan 1210C temperature and pressure of 15 lb/in2 (SI = 103.4 kPa) for 15 minutes. Reasons to use temperature is 1210C or 249.8 0F because water boils at that temperature if it is used a pressure of 15 psi. To 0 psi pressure at sea level altitude (sea level) water boils at a temperature of 1000C, while the autoclave is placed in the same height, using a pressure of 15 psi then the water will memdididh at 1210C. Remember this only applies to sea level, if the laboratory is located at a certain height, the pressure setting should be set back. For example, the autoclave is placed at an altitude of 2700 feet above sea level, then the pressure was raised to 20 psi so that the temperature reached 1210C to boil water. All forms of life will die if it is boiled at a temperature of 1210C and a pressure of 15 psi for 15 minutes.